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concerning the pressure loading on the ship's side. On the basis of the evaluation of the long term histo- ries, most realistic design loads will be derived. A double hull design is a possible future solution for the problems with the side shell of bulkers. This alternative is being analyzed in detail by GL, within a joint indus- try research project together with shipyards and the German steel producing industry. The study includes economic evaluations of the life cycle advantages of such a design in relation to somewhat higher construction costs expected. The dry cargo ship of the past is being replaced by pure container- ships, as well asmulti-purpose ships on the other. Many of the handy-size bulkers today — the most popular vessel for the tradi- tional tramp trade — are being designed with box-shaped holds and large deck openings. The inner bottom is strengthened for grab loads, and cell guides may be fitted if the ship operates as a container carrier. For these ships, the interrelation with pure containerships is obvi- ous. For the larger bulk carriers, the application of containership know-how is not as evident, but is clearly beneficial to vessel improvement. Dr. Hans Payer is a member of the Executive Board of Germanischer Lloyd BOLL & KIRCH Filters - Simply the Best BOLL & KIRCH Can you afford to settle for less? BOLL & KIRCH Filters and support are available worldwide for newbuilding and retrofit projects. BOLL & KIRCH Filterbau GmbH, Germany, Phone 0 2273 562-0, Fax 0 2273 562-223 BOLL FILTER Corp., 15 International Drive, PO Box 515 E. Granby, CT 06026-0515, USA Phone 1 (800) 910-BOLL ("2655"), Fax 1 (860) 653-3839 e-mail: boll@bollfilter.com Circle 230 on Reader Service Card Maritime Reporter/Engineering News Tideland Helps Mark Underwater Pipeline Can you settle for anything less than the world's finest engine protection? 40 years of experience have led to today's BOLL & KIRCH filtration technology providing superior engine protection for ships worldwide. BOLL & KIRCH Fuel Oil and Lube Oil Filters are low maintenance, highly efficient and cost effective. Tideland Signals Ltd. has provid- A Tidewater solar-powered steel buoy is shown being checked at its moorings out- side Poole Harbor in southern England. ed lanterns and buoys for marking an underwater offshore pipeline originating at Las Palmas, Canary Islands. The buoys feature solar panels which are able to gather and store energy to power the lanterns at night. These navaids are electrically powered and designed for use with Tideland's solar generation system. Tideland offers a comprehensive range of lights including the recently-introduced TRB-400 rotating beacon. The company also offers a mar- itime consultancy service and designs and fabricates towers, sup- porting structures and enclosures. For more information on Tideland Signals Ltd. Circle 36 on Reader Service Card Compromising on filtration can increase maintenance costs, and jeopardize scheduling and safety. The only way to ensure superior protection of a ship's vital propulsion equipment is with the best - BOLL & KIRCH Type 6.46 Lube Oil Filter • No External Power Requirement Engine Mounted • Space Saving • Fully Automatic • No Elements to Clean
