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TABLE 4 Vessel Types Produced By German Shipyards In 1991 Type of Vessel No. GT % Capacity GT % General Cargo V. 43 281,011 30.3 337,538 32.0 Container V. 22 426,092 45.9 340,037 32.2 Ferry/Ro-Ro/Passenger V. 12 82,955 8.9 153,823 14.6 Gas/Chemical Product Tanker 8 84,041 9.1 100,923 9.6 Fishery Vessel 6 46,590 5.0 93,180 8.8 Tug 4 1,099 0.1 5,495 0.5 Offshore Units 7 5,823 0.6 22,611 2.1 Other Ships 4 536 0.1 2,680 0.2 TOTAL 106 928,147 100.0 1,056,287 100.0 TABLE 3 Deliveries & Contracts — German Yards Deliveries Order Year No. of Ships 1,000 GRT/GT No. of Ships 1,000 GRT/GT 1975 192 2,330 307 4,474 1980 118 406 122 953 1985 136 448 /646 115 715/851 1986 85 444 /539 68 654/707 1987 67 344 59 814 1988 59 528 93 938 1989 58 476 117 1,094 1990* 85 (33) 618 (163) 120 (100) 1,472 (750) 1991 106 928 160 1,624 1/1992 18 207 191 1,617 * East Germany added in 1990 (in brackets) and included in 1991 and 1992 statistics. Source: VSM statistics TABLE 2 Ocean-Going Ships Completed Worldwide By The Ten Leading Countries 1989 1990 1991 Position Country No. GT No. GT No. GT % No. Japan 640 5,364,600 633 6,824,119 602 7,282,756 45.2 1 Korea 102 3,101,566 110 3,459,786 112 3,496,693 21.7 2 Germany 87 718,030 97 856,071 82 774,502 4.8 3 Taiwan 9 404,892 10 667,220 11 513,764 3.2 4 Italy 35 327,202 27 371,810 28 499,896 3.1 5 Denmark 33 342,960 29 394,677 27 441,586 2.7 6 Yugoslavia 26 498,716 25 456,853 22 355,173 2.2 7 Spain 130 230,906 97 363,100 59 317,422 2.0 8 Netherlands 53 88,814 65 163,293 84 210,837 1.3 9 Poland 44 199,391 34 103,580 47 193,842 1.2 10 Others 434 1,959,092 545 2,224,866 500 2,008,634 12.6 WORLD 1,593 13,236,169 1,672 15,885,375 1,574 16,095,105 100.0 Source: Lloyd's Register of Shipping sel frigates and as the "D" mode of those with combined diesel and gas turbine (CODAG) machinery. Meanwhile the compact 396-type engines, running at 2,100 rpm for short-time outputs of up to 3,480 bhp, dominate the market for fast catamarans and dynamically-sup- ported craft. SKL Moteren- und Systemtechnik AG of Magdeburg is another engine-builder exhibiting a longer-stroke version of an estab- lished design; in this case their VDS 29/24 AL-1, super ceding the VD 24/ 24 series. The agreement with Krupp-MaK, which is noted above, is most likely to lead to further coop- eration in design and manufacture. Maschinenbau Halberstadt GmbH supplies a range of models up to the VD 42/48 AL-2 of8,200 hp from the 12-cylinder version, the only larger engine designed and built in the former DDR. Twin-geared in- line versions power a class of Baltic train ferries. Arrangements made for the part manufacture and as- semble of a number of MAN B&W 40/54 engines may lead to closer cooperation between the two com- panies. The principal business of gear-makers Renk Tacke is the sup- ply of reduction and combining trans- missions for ferries and Ro-Ro ves- sels powered by medium-speed en- gines; also generator power take- offs with and without speed com- pensating mechanisms. The Augsburg factory specializes in the compact, lightweight and highly-rated gears for frigates and destroyers. Among recent unusual orders are those for the three gas turbine/water jet drives in the trans- atlantic record challenger Destriero, September, 1992 and a transmission to provide con- centric opposite rotation from a large slow-speed diesel engine for the most powerful contra-rotating propeller. This is for Mitsubishi, who will in- stall it in a VLCC. The addition of an electronically- controlled slipping clutch system, ADS, fitted to a reduction gearbox made by Eisenwerke Reintjes GmbH has overcome a major problem en- countered in fast craft propelled by high-speed diesel engines. Maneuvering to enter or leave a berth in a confined harbor is a tricky operation. Such engines can seldom be set to run at speeds which allow a slow approach, and the procedure becomes one of rapid ahead-and- astern movements. The Reintjes ADS system, when selected, controls the pressure ap- plied to the multi-plate clutches so that, for instance with the engine set to its comfortable idling speed, the propeller can be driven, both ahead and astern at speeds corre- sponding to a turn-down of as much as eight to one below the constant ratio of the gear mesh. Four Reintjes WVS 2232 reverse-reduction gears fitted with ADS and each associated with a P2, 500 hp Paxman engine are fitted in the large series of fast patrol boats which Bollinger has been supplying the U.S. Navy. Coast Guard Issues Interim Double Hull Requirements The Coast Guard is adopting stan- dards for double hulls on vessels carrying oil in bulk as cargo or cargo residue that are constructed or un- dergo a major conversion under con- tracts awarded on June 30, 1990 or later. The Coast Guard is also issu- ing standards for double hulls on vessels carrying oil in bulk as cargo or cargo residue that have been con- structed or have undergone a major conversion under earlier contracts. OPA mandates that these vessels have double hulls according to a timetable commencing in 1995. The action provides the maritime industry with interim standards to meet the double hull requirment. The interim final rule is effective Sept. 11, 1992. Comments should go to the Executive Secretary, Ma- rine Safety Council, (G-LRA/3406) (CGD 90-051), Coast Guard Head- quarters, 2100 Second St., SW, Washington, D.C. 20593-0001. 61 The Bitterness of Low Quality Lasts Long After The Sweetness of Low Price Why lose money on costly down-time due to an inferior steering system when for a few more dollars you can have state-of-the-art equipment designed specifically for your vessel. The NAVIGAT X gyrocompass: •Highest MTBF in the industry •Easily serviced •No heating/cooling required •Follow-up rate to 25 deg./sec. •Automatically switches to 24 VDC in case of power failure The NAVIPILOT V autopilot: •LCD digital display •Choose gyro, magnetic or TMC input (Transmitting Magnetic Compass) •Easily installed on any sized vessel •Independent off-course alarm •Compact Litton c. NAVIGATION H AUTOMATION C. Plath backs its equipment with a worldwide service network of o\er 250 depots in 46 countries. Home Office: P.O. Box 760660, Stuckenstrasse 103, D-2000 Hamburg 76, Germany; Tel 49-40-299000;Fax 49-40-29900298 North America: 222 Severn Avenue, Annapolis, Maryland 21403-2569; Tel 410-263-6700; Fax 410-268-8713 Korea: Wang-Ja Building, Room 605,1196-1 Choryang-5 Dong, Dong-Ku, Pusan, Korea;Tel 82-51-4638345; Fax 82-51-4639163 Circle 324 on Reader Service Card
