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U.S. NAVY (continued) tiple subprojects. Each program ele- ment is individually funded and sponsored. They are grouped ac- cording to stage of development: • 6.1 and 6.2 programs involve research and exploratory develop- ment • 6.3 programs deal with ad- vanced development • 6.4 programs focus on systems and component engineering Projects usually enter the system at the 6.1 or 6.2 level, transition to 6.3 when found feasible and move to 6.4 engineering as the final R&D stage. Transition into the procurement budget (SCN, WPN or OPN) fol- lows successful test and demonstra- tion. Funding requirements general- ly increase dramatically as a project moves through this development/ production pipeline. Exhibits 2 and 3 depict project transition and a typical funding profile. Current Programs Exhibit 4 provides an idea of the scope of current activities. This list- ing is taken from IMA's report on Navy R&D. Details are provided in the report for each of these activi- ties. Business Strategy Successful Navy contractors have often been involved in early stages of system R&D. For example, RCA traces its highly successful role as Aegis manufacturer and system in- tegrator to involvement in R&D ef- forts in the 1960s. Procurement con- tracts received by RCA for Aegis systems now exceed $3 billion. Boe- ing's involvement in the Sea Lance stand-off weapon can be traced back many years to its role in early exploratory research. Martin Mari- etta's development role in vertical launch system design led to its cur- rent position as one of two VLS sup- pliers. GE's early and sustained in- Exhibit 4—Programs Included in IMA's Recent Analysis of Future Navy R&D Spending (excludes naval aircraft, avionics and air launched missiles) volvement in sonar sensor R&D has positioned the firm as dominant sonar system supplier. What distinguishes these firms is their use of Navy funded R&D to (1) establish initial position, (2) widen and deepen technical in- volvement, (3) evolve into a key developer role and (4) transition into full production as sole source or lead manufacturer. Opportunities exist for both large and small firms to employ similar strategy for future business devel- opment—using Navy R&D as the vehicle. This strategy entails (1) de- veloping an understanding of future R&D programs, (2) matching the firm's capabilities with these pro- grams, (3) measuring the competi- tion, (4) shortlisting programs and areas of interest and (5) formulating and implementing a plan of action for initial entry and growth. IMA's report is designed to assist in the first and third phases of this strate-gy- IMA has just published an assess- ment of this business sector. The report details activities in each of 204 specific R&D programs. Past and projected spending is shown, planned activities described, names of Navy managers and current key contractors listed. A 35-page statis- tical section lists major R&D con- tracts awarded over the past four years—alphabetically by contrac- tor, giving contract amount, brief description, contracting office. An- other section provides names and phone numbers for key contacts in each of the principal R&D points of buying power. The 240-page report is available for $550.00. To order, contact: Inter- national Maritime Associates, Inc., 835 New Hampshire Ave., NW, Washington DC 20037; Telephone 202/333-8501; Fax 202/333-8504; Telex 64325 IMA. Exhibit 2—R&D/Procurement Pipeline t PROCUREMENT 6.1 6.2 and 6.3A 6.3B 6.4 PROGRAMS DEVELOP DEVELOP DEMONSTRATE DEVELOP • Shipbldg. (SCN) • Weapons (WPN) • Aircraft (APN) • Oth. Navy (OPN) • Milcon KNOWLEDGE TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM AND ADVANCED BASE EXAMINE CONCEPT FEASIBILITY SUBSYSTEM FEASIBILITY SYSTEMS -TECHNOLOGY BASE DEVELOPMENT— Exhibit 3—Typical Funding Profile PRODUCTION MAINTENANCE & SUPPORT I. SHIP DESIGN Surface Ship Design & Engineering: Surface ship technology—PE 62121 Advanced ship develop.—PE 63564 Contract design & engin. development— PE 64567 • Contract design—SI803 • Subsystem engine, development— S0857 Ship Subsystem & Component Development: Auxiliary systems development— PE 63513-S0382 HM&E improvements—PE 63513-S1712 Voice multiplex comm. system— PE 63509 Catapults & Weapon Elevators: Weapon elevator improvement— PE 63512-W1722 Catapult engineering—PE 63512-W1723 EAF matting—PE 63512-W1875 Gas Turbine Technology: ICR turbine design—PE 63508-S0379 Turbine component improvement— PE 63508-S1848 RACER-PE 35108K/PE 63508-S1820 Electric Driver Electric propulsion systems development—PE 63573 Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Control: EMI engineering—PE 65803 SSN 21 Engineering: SSN 21 engineering development— PE 64561 Attack Submarine Development: Submarine technology—PE 62323 Attack submarine development— PE 63569 • Adv. submarine technology—S1974 • SSN 688 development—S1570 Arctic warfare development—PE 63562 Trident Submarine Improvements: Submarine system improvements— PE 11226 Nuclear Propulsion Technology: Basic R&D —PE 62324 Advanced development—PE 63570 • Reactor components—SI258 • S6W propulsion plant—S1914 Improvements in existing plants— PE 25675 DOE naval nuclear reactor development—053-00-01 II. WEAPONS D-5 Ballistic Missile (Trident II): D-5 missile development— PE 64363-J0951 Submarine system engineering— PE 64323-J1546 Standard Missile (SM-2): 5M-2 improvements—PE 64366 Tomahawk Cruise Missile: Tomahawk development—PE 64367 Air Defense Missiles: Rolling airframe missile (RAM)— PE 64369 NATO Seasparrow upgrade—PE 64361 SSN 688 Vertical Launch System: SSN 688 VLS engineering—PE 64370 Sea Lance ASW Standoff Weapon: ASW standoff weapon engineering— PE 64309 Vertical Launch ASROC (VLA): VLA-ASROC engineering—PE 64355 MK 48 Advanced Capability Torpedo (ADCAP): ADCAP engineering—PE 64675 MK 50 Advanced Lightweight Torpedo: MK 50 full scale engineering development—PE 64610 Advanced warhead development— PE 63610 Acoustic Torpedo Targets: ADMATT-PE 63529-S0968 Fast/Deep prototype target— PE 63529-S1955 Mine Developments: Basic mine technology—PE 62315 Advanced mine development—PE 63601 • new generation mine—S1556 • RECO —S1917 • Charger Gold—S1932 • CAPTOR* Mine engineering—PE 64601 • mine improvements—S0267 • Quickstrike mine—S0272 Close In Weapon System (CIWS Phalanx gun): CIWS Improvement engineering— PE 64358 III. SHIP DEFENSIVE SYSTEM Electronic Warfare: Shipboard EW improvements—PE 64572 EW coordination module eng.— PE 64230-X1979 Cover and deception—PE 24573 EW simulation—PE 24575 Counter communications—PE 24576 EW technology development—PE 62113 Defensive Weapons & Surveillance: Technology research—PE 62111 Quick reaction surveillance system* SSBN Survivability: SSBN detection technology—PE 11224 Acoustic countermeasures— PE 11221-S1265 Countermeasure development— PE 63588 Ship Combat Survivability: Combat survivability devel.—PE 63514 • ship survivability—S0384 • personnel protection—SI 121 • ship damage control—SI565 • Empress II—S1607 Ship survivability engineering—PE 64516 Chemical warfare defense—PE 64506 Mine Countermeasures: Minehunt sonar (AN/SQQ-32)- PE 63502-S0260 Mine countermeasure improvements— PE 63502-S1233 Surface ship magnetic silencing— PE 63502-S1597 Mine neutralization—PE 63502-S1404 Surface Ship Torpedo Defense: Torpedo defense development— PE 63506 AN/SQR-17A torpedo detector* Submarine Stealth: Stealth engineering—PE 64515 Stealth equipment development— PE 63522 IV. SENSORS AND COMBAT SYSTEMS Aegis AAW System: Aegis upgrades—PE 64303 Aegis engineering—PE 64307 • CG 47 combat systems—SI447 • DDG 51 combat systems—S1337 • DDG 51 weapons—S1937 Aegis missile improvements—PE 63318 Aegis technology transfer—PE 63319 LAMPS MK III ASW System: LAMPS improvement—PE 64212-W1707 Penguin missile integration— PE 64212-W1902 Search Radar Improvement: Radar improvement engineering— PE 64508 Surface Ship Combat System improvements: New threat upgrade (NTU)—PE 64372 Combat direction system devel.— PE 64518 Combat direction system testing— PE 63582 Battlegroup AAW coordination— PE 63382 Surface Ship ASW Systems: Ship silencing—PE 63553-S0229 Sonar system development— PE 63553-S1704 AN/SQQ-89 engineering improvements—PE 64713 ASW Combat System Integration: System integration eng.—PE 25620 Infrared Search & Target Designation System: AN/SAR-8 engineering—PE 64608 Submarine Sonar Development: Basic ASW technology—PE 62314 TIME 28 Maritime Reporter/Engineering News
