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Diesel Power Review (continued from page 27) aboard ships; for stationary pow- er-generating plants; and for plants combining power genera- tion with waste heat recovery. The 20/27 engine is offered in diesel, spark-ignited gas, and dual- fuel versions. The cylinder rating of the diesel engine is 100 kW (134 bhp) at 1,000 rpm according to the ISO definition. Its mean effective pressure and mean pis- ton speed are 14.15 bar and 9 me- ters per second, respectively. Since the 20/27 engine was put on the market in September 1979, M.A.N, and its licensees have re- ceived orders for a total of 54 units with 383 cylinders. A 5L20/ 27 heavy fuel oil engine has mean- while successfully completed type test in Augsburg in the presence of representatives of the classifi- cation societies. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries M.A.N.'s K3E2 52/105 C/CL test en- gine shown on the test bed. tive pressure of the four-stroke engines is 20 bar (25 bar with two-stage supercharging), and that of the two-stroke engines is 13 bar and 14.5 bar for the low- speed types and approximately 15 bar with the two-stage H en- gines. The maximum cylinder pressure of the medium-speed en- gines is up to 145 bar, and that of the two-stroke engines is 115 bar. Today's engine production pro- gram at M.A.N, thus combines, on a high-power level, proven princi- ples with present and future de- mands. The most important de- velopment targets for the updated program were: Ability to burn heavy fuel oils up to 3,500 seconds Redwood 1 in the case of four-stroke engines, and up to 6,000 sRl in the case of two-stroke engines; adherence to proven design concepts wherever expedient; variation in turbo- charger arrangement and selec- tion of optimum speed; type of construction fully developed in terms of production, engineering, and maintenance; and high qual- ity standard. By proven design principles M.A.N, understands that for as many components of different en- gine types as possible, the same design solutions are used, per- mitting the transfer of computed and measured results from trial data and practical experience. The constant demand from the shipowners and shipyards for a smaller engine developing below 1,000 kW (1,341 bhp) and the rising interest in smaller station- ary units for combined power/ heat generation prompted M.A.N, to develop the 20/27 engine. This engine is available as an in-line unit with four to nine cylinders, and as a V engine with 12 to 18 cylinders. The 20/27 engine is intended mainly for the following appli- cations: as a propulsion engine for smaller vessels; as an auxil- iary engine for power generation 28 Mitsubishi diesels are sold in U.S. Gulf area by Oosterhuis Industries. Mitsubishi marine diesel en- gines are available in the U.S. from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of America, Chicago, and in the Gulf Coast area through Ooster- huis Industries, Inc. in New Or- leans. The Mitsubishi marine engines marketed in the United States are the Daiya series, a medium- speed, 4-stroke diesel built as a 4- and 6-cylinder in-line and of- fered as a complete unit with Mitsubishi reverse/reduction gear. The Daiya diesels are heavy- duty engines that turn at about 900 rpm and are specifically de- signed for marine applications and for burning economically priced, lower quality fuel oils. They develop from 400 to 1,100 bhp (298-820 kw) and have been gaining rapid acceptance in the U.S. Other Mitsubishi engines avail- able are the SA and SN series, high-speed, 4-stroke diesels of sturdy design that, during the past decade, have gained wide acceptance in Europe. The SA en- gines are available in 6-cylinder in-line and 12-cylinder V type ver- sions, developing from 185 bhp at 1,200 rpm to 800 bhp at 1,800 rpm (138-596 kw). The SN series are available in 6- and 8-cylinder in-line, and 12- and 16-cylinder V type in a horsepower range from 275 bhp at 1,200 rpm to 1,800 bhp at 1,800 rpm (205-1,342 kw). Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of America also offers a variety of diesel-generator sets, incorporat- ing SA or SN engines. Mitsui Engineering Mitsui Engineering & Ship- building Company, Ltd., a Bur- meister & Wain licensee, has achieved world records in diesel engine building four times in less than a decade. Its first, for ag- gregated bhp for a single type marine diesel was established in 1968 when a total production of four million bhp was reached. Re- newing its own record by boosting the aggregated bhp to five mil- lion in 1970 and seven million in 1973, it surpassed a milestone 10 million bhp mark in October 1976. Mitsui's history of diesel en- gine production goes back to 1926, when it entered into the technical licensing agreement with B&W. In 1961 it completed the first main engine built in Japan with a remote control system from the bridge. In 1970 the company com- pleted a 38,000-bhp engine, fol- lowed by one of 40,900 bhp the next year, both having the larg- est output in the world at that time. Further, to meet the de- mand for more efficient and eco- nomical engines, it developed a long-stroke engine in 1976 that has since become very popular among its users. Following the development in 1973 of its V60M 4-stroke, me- dium-speed geared diesel engine incorporating an automated main- tenance and inspection system, in 1976 Mitsui developed the L/ V42M series to meet the need for a wider output range. Motoren- und Turbinen-Union The 396 Series engine family of MTU, Friedrichshafen, West Ger- many, has found wide acceptance in the international marketplace. Up to mid-1980, approximately 1,600 engines of this series have been put into service — some 25 percent of them installed aboard ships as main propulsion or for ship's services. The long-stroke (185 mm) 396 engine features application engi- neering advantages in overall sys- tems requiring engine revolutions from 1,200 to 1,800 rpm, such as workboat propulsion with low pro- peller revolutions, or generator sets of 50 or 60 Hz. Against this background MTU unveiled, at the recent Ship, Ma- chinery, Marine Technology In- ternational Exhibition and Con- gress in Hamburg, a new 16-cyl- inder engine, the 396-03 series, with the same hardware common- ality as in the existing 6-, 8-, and 12-cylinder models. The 03 series enables the same design principle to be retained up to a maximum output level of 1,760 kw (2,400 bhp). The 16V 396 TC engine has a per cylinder output of 111 hp at 1,650 rpm for commercial vessels, 143 hp at 1,900 rpm for fast ves- sels, and 150 hp at 2,100 rpm for high-performance craft. The 396- 03 engines will be delivered start- ing in the spring of 1981. Major technical modifications that produced the increased per- formance were a reduction of the compression ratio to retain the ignition pressures customary for the 02 series in spite of the bet- ter performance, and introduction of a composite piston together with better-matched turbocharger and injection systems. The intensive turbocharger re- search in particular enabled such a rise in output without increas- ing consumption. An additional, particularly important point is the introduction of cylinder cutout. S.E.M.T. Pielstick Alsthom-Atlantique Departe- ment Moteurs S.E.M.T. Pielstick of Saint-Denis, France, with 25 diesel manufacturers in 18 coun- tries building its engines under license or sublicense, dominates the medium-speed diesel field. The S.E.M.T. line also includes high- speed engines. In 1979, Pielstick medium- and high-speed engines for marine applications accounted for 41.6 percent of the market worldwide. As of June this year, 2,203 Piel- stick medium-speed diesels of the PC type had been delivered for marine applications, aggregating 27,451 cylinders and 15,117,294 bhp. At the same time, 959 high- speed marine engines type PA were in service—a total of 11,408 cylinders and 1,647,987 bhp. The latest development in the S.E.M.T. PC2 range of engines is (continued on page 30) New MTU 16-V diesel increases power range of 396 series to 2,400 bhp.
