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Delaware Bay Terminal— (Continued from page 29) as it is far less economical to run small vessels over so long a voyage. It takes nearly the same crew to man a large as a small tanker. The approximate dimensions of tankers of various cargo capacities follow: Deadweight' Tons Length Beam Draft (DWT) (Ft) (Ft) (Ft) 16,000 503 68 30 (T-2) 80,735 818 125 43 124,379 870 138 52 249,360 1,085 170 65 (VLCC) The T-2 listed above was a deep-draft ship when the Delaware River channel was pre- pared. By the end of 1971, there were 162 oil tankers of 200,000 dwt or upward and many on order. Generally speaking, smaller ships are older and less reliable. They will also become fewer, retiring for age and inefficiency as the construction effort continues toward larger vessels. According to the Philadelphia Maritime Ex- change, 2,157 oil tankers delivered oil to the Delaware River refineries in 1971. About 22 tankers per month lightered in Delaware Bay, requiring up to four barging operations each. None of these bankers could be considered "deep-draft" ships today. If the size of delivering tankers were to re- main unchanged, with oil demand rising, the number of arriving vessels could triple by 1985. It is almost inconceivable that present operating methods previously described could be safely expanded
